الفهرس 
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Abstract
The current study was designed to improve the reproductive efficiency of postpartum buffaloe-cows suffering from silent heat by application of several synchronization hormonal protocols including:
1- Use of double dose prostaglandin f2α protocol, 14 days interval.
2- Use of prostaglandin F2α and gonadotrpin releasing hormone via presynch – ovsynch protocol.
3- Use of progesterone hormone via application of CIDR.
A total of fifty seven postpartum buffalo-cows (90 days) which not previously detected in estrus, their age rannged from 3.0-8.5 years old and 1-4 parity , belonged to Ganat El Reda buffalo-cows farm, Ismailia governorate, Egypt. The present study applied during the period from April 2013 to October 2013.
All buffalo-cows were exposed to rectal, vaginal and ultrasonographic examinations to verify the normal post-parturient uterine involution, resumption of follicular acivity and absence of any pathological conditions in the genitalia. The ovaries are monitored by rectal palpation and ultasound examination, for the presence of ovarian structures and measuring thier diameters.
They were classified into:
A - Group 1 (Double dose PGF2α group): it included 18 buffalo-cows, treated by PGF2α (Day 0) – PGF2α (Day 14) – AI on estrus detection or at 80 hours after last injection.
B- Group 2 (Presynch-ovsynch group): it included 12 buffalo-cows, treated by PGF2α (Day 0) – PGF2α (Day 14) – GnRH (Day 28) - PGF2α (Day 35) – GnRH (Day 37) – AI on estrus detection or at 16-20 hours after last injection.
C- Group 3 (CIDR group): it included 12 buffalo-cows, CIDR insertion (Day 0) – PGF2α (Day 6) – CIDR removal (Day 7) – estrus detection and AI within 4 days.
D- Group 4 (control group): includes 15 buffalo-cows, left without treatment.
Estrus induction rate, treatment estrus interval, 1st insemination conception rate (detected by ultrasound examination on Day 30) and Days open of eash group were recorded.