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Abstract Aim of the study: The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of using different irrigation protocols on the push-out bond strength of SE Real Seal/Resilon system. Methodology: A total of seventy five human extracted single rooted teeth were used in the study. The teeth were decoronated, cleaned and shaped using step back technique. Initial rinsing was done using 5ml 2.5%NaOCl. The samples were divided into five groups (15 each) according to the final irrigation protocol. Group (1) was irrigated with 5ml 2.5% NaOCl for 1 minute, group (2) was irrigated with 5ml 17%EDTA for 1 minute, group (3) was irrigated with 5ml 17%EDTA followed by 5ml 2%CHX each for 1 minute. Group (4) was irrigated with 5ml Bio Pure MTAD for 1 minute and group (5) was irrigated with 5ml Bio Pure MTAD followed by 5ml 2%CHX each for 1 minute. All roots were obturated with SE Real Seal/Resilon system using cold lateral compaction technique. Then 1mm thick sections were cut transversely from cervical, middle and apical canal portions to be subjected to push-out bond strength test in universal testing machine at a cross head speed of 0.5 mm/min. Failure mode was analyzed using scanning electron microscope. Results: The results of push out testing showed that MTAD + CHX group(5) recorded the highest push out bond strength mean Summary and Conclusion 99 value followed by NaOCl group(1) and EDTA group(2). Then MTAD group(4) respectively while EDTA + CHX group(3) recorded statistically significant the lowest mean value. There was no statistically significant difference between NaOCl and EDTA groups, NaOCl and MTAD + CHX groups, EDTA and MTAD + CHX groups. Cervical canal portion recorded higher bond strength mean value compared with the middle and apical canal portions in most of the tested groups. Failure mode analysis showed the predominance of mixed failure in most of the tested groups. Conclusions: Within the limitations of this study, it could be concluded that: 1. The use of NaOCl or EDTA as final irrigants should be encouraged when SE RealSeal/Resilon system was selected for obturation. 2. The use of MTAD alone as final irrigant should be discouraged when SE RealSeal/Resilon system was selected. 3. The combined use of MTAD and 2%CHX improved the bond strength of SE RealSeal/Resilon system when both were used as final irrigants. 4. 2%CHX shouldn’t be used after EDTA when SE RealSeal/Resilon system was selected for obturation |