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Abstract HCC is the most common primary liver cancer .worldwide. It’s incidence is rising at alarming rate and has ..~become a major health problem globally and in Egypt. It is ”more frequent in developing countries than developed countries. Among numerous HCC risk factors, cirrhosis is ,·therebythe largest single risk factor. Other main risk factors ’include chronic HBV and HCV infection, dietary AFB 1 . exposure, heavy alcohol consumption and possibly obesity .andtype 2 diabetes. The interaction between HBV infection :,and AFB 1 exposure has been demonstrated in prospective ..studies. The coexistence of both factors leads to more than ’50folds increase in the risk of developing HCC. The incidence of HCV infection has increased ,’ appreciably in many industrialized counties and in Egypt, in . whichHCV has became the dominant cause of HCC. To our best knowledge , there are no data about the interaction ’betweenHCV infection and AFB 1 exposure. |