الفهرس 
Measurements of earthquakesOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Until the beginning of the last decade, consideration of seismic loading was absent from national building codes in Egypt. Buildings were typically designed to resist gravity loads, and the only means of lateral load resistance was provided through the consideration of wind loads. Since the occurrence of the Cairo earthquake in October 1992, the design of structures for earthquakes became a major demand enforced in the Egyptian design building codes. The first official code of practice to consider seismic loading was published by the Ministry of Housing, Utilities and New Communities in 1989 (Egyptian Society of Earthquake Engineering 1989). The Egyptian Code of Practice for calculating loads and forces in structural and building works ECP-201 was issued in December 1993 (ECP 1993), following the 1992 earthquake. Unnecessarily without occurrence of violent earthquakes in Egypt, the Egyptian Code Committee for calculation of seismic loads on buildings has submitted significant modifications for ECP 1993 through several editions and issued the latest edition of the Egyptian Code of Practice ECP-201 in 2012. The objective of this study was to assess the adequacy and completeness of the seismic load provisions in current Egyptian Code ECP-201, towards more reliable and consistent seismic design regulations in Egypt, through a comparative approach. The seismic load provisions presented in Egyptian code ECP-201 were compared both qualitatively and quantitatively to their counterparts in four of the well-known international building codes, namely the International Building Code (IBC) 2012, Uniform Building Code (UBC) 1997, the European Code (EC8) 2004 and the National Building Code of Canada (NBCC) 2005. To achieve the objective of this study, a comparative study was conducted for three prototype buildings with two different types of lateral load resisting systems, the first system was shear walls and the second was a moment resisting frames system. These buildings located in three different seismic zones. The structural analysis procedure was carried out using the method of Equivalent Static Analysis. Finally, the study presented a number of conclusions regarding the development of the Egyptian Code ECP-201. Comparative study showed that the base shear force and the straining actions on vertical elements resisting lateral loads, which calculated according to the Egyptian Codes (ECP 2012, 2008 and 2003), are much greater than those calculated according to ECP 1993 by about (230 % and 350 %) for moderate and high seismicity zones, respectively. Buildings provided with shear walls respond better than buildings provided with moment resisting frames system against the seismic action.