الفهرس 
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Abstract
Polycystic ovarian syndrome is the most common endocrine abnormality in reproductive-age women, its prevalence is estimated to be 5–10% in different ethnic populations. The aim of this work was to investigate the genetic polymorphisms of follicle stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) gene and fat mass and obesity associated (FTO) gene, and their association with the risk of PCOS among Egyptian population. Also, this study aimed to measure adiponectin levels in PCOS patients, and to investigate its possible role in the pathogenesis of PCOS. The following results were obtained:
1- Women with PCOS had significantly lower levels of adiponectin compared to controls.
2- PCOS women had significantly higher levels of LH, FSH, LH/FSH ratio, and total testosterone compared to controls.
3- PCOS women had significantly higher levels of total cholesterol, triglyceides, LDL cholesterol, VLDL cholesterol, and non significantly lower levels of HDL-cholesterol compared to controls.
4- The genotype analysis of FSHR gene polymorphism showed that the heterozygote Ala/Thr genotype was significantly more frequent in PCOS patients than controls and PCOS women with heterozygote Ala/Thr genotype had significantly higher levels of total testosterone compared to women with homozygote Thr/Thr genotype.
5- The genotype distribution of the FTO gene polymorphism showed an increased frequency of the A allele among PCOS women compared to controls. The dominant genotypes (AA+AT genotypes) frequency was significantly greater in PCOS women compared to the controls.
6- PCOS women carrying the A allele had significantly higher levels of LH, total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol than non-carriers.