الفهرس 
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Abstract
This study concluded to collection of 88 water samples from different localities Kaliobia governorate from layer and broiler farms and these farms depend on tap and ground water supply, then examined the hygienic condition of water system inside different farms. The examination includes physical, chemical and microbiological examination.1) Physical Examination:Color: colored sample range from faint yellow to deep yellow color and the percentage of sample not increased than 22.7% of total
sample Turbidity: ranged from zero to 30 NTU and 37.5% of water
samples collect from poultry farms exceeded than permissible limit 5
NTU.
2) Chemical Analysis:
pH: recorded the highest percentage in the area Tokh (7.37) and
found it increased in drinkers than in source and tank but the level did not
exceed the permissible limit for drinking water and this level not affects
the health and productivity of birds.
Ammonia: recorded highest average of ammonia in sheben ELkanater
as recoded 14.98mg /L. Ammonia was higher in broiler than
layer. While no differences were recorded between ground and tap water.
And found that 22% of the samples were unfit for human drinking.Nitrites: found that average nitrite scored highest level in Tokh
and it was 0.91 mg /L. There were slight differences between source, tank
and drinkers, while higher in groundwater than in tap water as recorded
0.16 mg /L). No differences were recorded between broiler and layer
farms. The percentage of samples exceeded than permissible limit was
37.5% of total samples.
Nitrates: averages of nitrates recorded highest level in sheben
EL-kanater and it was 28.23mg /L. there no change between the source
and the reservoir tank and drinkers. Nitrate recorded higher mean value in
broiler than layer (16.1 mg /L). Also was higher in the groundwater than
tap water (16.6 mg / L). The percentage of unfit samples for drinking was
51% and that also negatively influenced health and productivity of birds.
Phosphates: our results showed that the highest mean value of
phosphate was in broiler farms. The mean value of phosphate was higher
in the ground water than in tap water, which was 0.8 mg /L. The highest
mean value in Sheben EL-kanater area was 1.7. The percentage of
samples that exceeded the permissible limit was 66%. And found the
percentage of the phosphate increased in drinkers than reservoir and
source. Reasons were attributed to increasing the proportion of organic
matter pollution residues birds and add some salt and mineral water.
Sulfates: highest level of sulfate was in Tokh were 39.48 mg /L.
The mean value was higher in the tap water (44.98 mg /L) than in the
groundwater and higher in broiler than layer, but did not exceed the
allowable limit in any of them. Also, found that a slight increase in the
proportion of sulfates in drinkers than in tank and the main source.