الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The natural plant wealth of El Dakahlia Governorate is composed of 197 species belonging to 148 genera and related to 47 families. Caryophyllaceae is one of the most important families of the weed flora in this Governorate. To taxa belonging to this family, namely; Stellaria pallida and Spergularia marina were selected for the present study. The biological aspect: morphology, anatomy, taxonomy and phytogeographic distribution of Stellaria pallida and Spergularia marina were investigated. Stellaria pallida is delicate, yellowish green, winter-spring annual herbaceous weed while S. marina is short-lived perennial herb. S. pallida stem as most herbaceous dicots produced small amount of secondary tissues. itʼs leaf is dorsiventral and the root showed normal secondary thickening. The S. marina leaf isobilateral with palisade tissue present on both the upper and lower surfaces, and the root exhibits anomalous thickening. Stellaria pallida is native to Europe and S. marina is native to North America. Stellaria community includes 28 species (22 dicots and 6 monocots with therophytes are the main life form. S. marina community comprised 22 species with Melilotus indicus and Polypogon monspeliensis are the commonest associates. S. pallida flourished in most, sandy loam soil with low salinity level. S. marina found growing in cultivated lands of winter crops. The obtained results of phytochemical analysis revealed that, Stellaria attained relatively high nutritive value. Sterols, terpenes, flavonoids, phenols and saponins are present in aerial parts of the two studied plants. Investigation of the amino acids in S. marina shoot showed the presence of 9 essential and 8 non-essential amino acids. Detection of the volatile oils in Stellaria flowers, revealed the presence of 20 constituent compounds, rich in Z-B Farnesene, Butanoic acid, butyl ester, Tetrahydro citronellene, phytol and Apiole.