الفهرس 
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Abstract
Summary Recurrent aphthous stomstitis (RAS) is self limited, with painful, clearly defined shallow, round or oval 1-3 mm ulcers each with a shallow necrotic center.The precise cause of RAS remains unclear but it has been associated with deficient folic acid, iron, zinc,vitamin B, gastro intestinal disorders, or immunodificiencies.The treatment currently used for RAS are largely symptomatic. The present study aimed to assess different concentrations of diclofenac in orabase gel on RAS patients on pain relief and reduction of inflammation. Material and methods: Forty five patients were included (28 females and 17 males) aged between 7 to 35 years old with recurrent aphthous lesions. Patients were divided into three equall groups. group I (control group): 15 patients, were given orabase (placebo). group II: 15 patients were treated with 1% diclofenac in orabase. group III: 15 patients were treated with 3% diclofenac in orabase. Baseline assessment was conducted on day 0 (just before drug treatment). Each patient was subjected to the following clinical measures at days 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 and 11 of base line. 1-Severity of ulcers, 2- index of ulcer’s size, 3-evaluation of pain by using visual analuge scale (VAS), and finally 4- effectiveness indices of ulcer size and pain improvement. Results: 3% diclofenac was most effective in reliefing pain, regarding severity, size as well as effectiveness indices of size and pain in all treated patients starting from day7 with complete healing of the ulcers at day9 compared to 1% diclofenac (complete healing at day11) compared with orabase. Pain resolved completely at day7 in 3% diclofenac, while pain resolved completely at day 9 with 1% diclofenac and orabase. The results of the present study revealed that 3% diclofenac in orabase gel had superior effect compared to 1% diclofenac in orabase gel or orabase gel alone in terms of reduction in ulcer size, pain, and severity of the ulcers.conclusions:from the present study, it can be concluded that:• One percent (1%) diclofenac in orabase gel could provide good effect on reduction of severity, size and pain of the ulcers (in RAS) compared to placebo group.>• Three percent (3 %) diclofenac in orabase gel had superior effect on reduction of the severity, size, and pain of the ulcers than 1% diclofenac in orabase gel.Recommendations.1- More researches are needed with different safe concentrations for shorter time of treatment.2- Further experimental and human studies should be carried out to establish the efficacy of several forms of diclofenac on the treatment of RAS.3- Other tolerable ways of application to be used, at least for younger patients.