الفهرس 
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Abstract
Critical size defect represents a major challenge in orthopedic surgery. The aim of the work was decided to study the effect of locally applied simvastatin as a growth promoting material on the healing of experimentally induced critical size bone defect in dogs.
A prospective experimental study was done on 18 skeletally mature male mongrel dogs. A 21 mm mid-shaft femoral defect was induced in all dogs. Dogs were randomly allocated into one of the two groups; group 1:- simvastatin was locally applied into the defect site, group 2:- defects were kept without simvastatin (sham-operated group). All defect sites were stabilized using bone plate and screws. Dogs were evaluated clinically and radiographically every two weeks till 12 weeks. The dogs were euthanized at 4,8 and 12 weeks for gross pathologic and histopathologic examination (Hematoxyline& Eosin, Masson Trichrome, Alizarine red and immune histochemical evaluation (osteopontin).
Simvastatin resulted in acceleration of bone healing on the induced critical size defect, the defects healed in a consistent pattern of consolidation, incorporation and remodeling . the femoral cortex opposite the bone plate demonstrated most mature remodeling, evident both radiographically as well as hitopathologically.
Local application of simvastatin may be advised for acceleration of bone healing in critical bone defects otherwise the empty critical defect resulted in an atrophic nonunion.