الفهرس 
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Abstract
Surgical repair of the hernia is considered to be the only definitive management of hernia. The outcome of hernia surgery is highly surgeon dependent ”no disease of the human body, belonging to the province of surgeons requires in its treatment a greater combination of accurate anatomical knowledge with surgical skill than hernia in all its varieties”.
Inguinal hernia repair is the most common general surgical procedure in the western world. The exact cause of inguinal hernia is still unknown but the following factors contribute in its occurrence. A preformed congenital sac raised intra-abdominal pressure and weak abdominal musculature.
In 1887, Bassini published his original description of inguinal hernia repair. Later on, many modern modifications such as the Shouldice repair and the Lichtenstein ”tension free” mesh repair have originated from it.
Within a decade in the 1990s, laparoscopic enthusiasts had already described three forms of laparoscopic repairs, namely: the intraperitoneal mesh (IPOM) repair, the trans-abdominal preperitoneal repair (TAPP), and the totally extraperitoneal (TEP) repair.
Laparoscopic inguinal hernia repairs, especially total extraperitoneal (TEP) inguinal hernia repair, have gained ground in the past few years. TEP is preferred over TAPP as it is less invasive and preserves the ”peritoneal sanctity”.
Prospective randomized trials comparing laparoscopic hernioplasty with open Lichtenstein repair have shown laparoscopic hernioplasty as a better alternative than open repair in terms of lesser postoperative pain, earlier ambulation, earlier return to work and better cosmetic results. However, TEP has a longer and steeper learning curve due to the ”inside out anatomical view”, to which the surgeon is not accustomed.
TEP repair is nearly equal to open repair in the management of primary unilateral hernia, but it is more time consuming with more difficulty. However, it is still preferred in cases of bilateral and recurrent hernias because of lesser tissue trauma and lower incidence of complications.
Laparoscopic inguinal hernia repairs differ from patient to another with size of the mesh, fixation of the mesh and type of hernia. Mesh should cover all hernial site and better to be fixed.