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Abstract
It is now realized that HEV infection not only causes a self-limiting infection, but can also evolve to chronic hepatitis in immunosuppressed patients, i.e., patients with a solid-organ transplant (SOT), hematological malignancy, and HIV-positive patients. In addition, HEV induced extra-hepatic manifestations have been reported. chronic HEV infection has been mainly described in patients infected by genotype 3.Testing for hepatitis E should be part of the diagnostic analysis of all patients with acute or chronic hepatitis that cannot be explained by other causes. Acute HEV infection is diagnosed in immunocompetent individuals based on detection of anti-HEV IgM. Increased titers of anti-HEV IgG can indicate recent HEV infection. However, there are variations in sensitivity, specificity, and agreement of results among assays that detect these antibodies.Chronic HEV infection has been reported in hematological patients receiving chemotherapy. The clinical and laboratory features of chronic HEV in these patients have been treated successfully with pegylated interferon or ribavirin as monotherapies.This study was done Firstly to assess prevalence of Hepatitis E virus infection in patients with Hematological Malignancies (Leukemia, Lymphoma, Multiple myeloma and Others) through measurement the HEV IgG by ELISA, and Lastly to detect relation of Hepatitis E infection to some demographic parameters in patients with Hematological malignancies . So we recommend the following:Testing for hepatitis E should be part of the diagnostic analysis of all patients with acute or chronic hepatitis that cannot be explained by other causes especially immunosuppressed patients receiving chemotherapy through assay of serum anti-HEV immunoglobulin G (IgG) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) and measuring avidity Index.Treating chronic Hepatitis E infection in Immunocompromised patients to reduce possibility of rapid progression to cirrhosis or development of Fulminant Hepatitis through modifying the immunosuppressive therapy or initiating antiviral drugs e.g.; Ribavirin.