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Abstract
This investigation was conducted to study how to exploit sea water in the irrigation of large egyptian desert area in the planting cotton plant(Giza-90).Particular interest was focused on the effect of compost as abiofertilizing agent which mixed 10% of the sandy soil to can alleviate or at least modify the pattern of changes occured by sea water treatments.
No one denies that cotton (Gossypium barbadense) is one of the most
economic plants in the world. It is a major crop widely grown in more
than 80 countries for fiber and oil purposes. It is placed in moderately
salt tolerant group of plant species (Munis, et al., 2010).
Cotton is one of the most important economic fiber crops in the world.
Cotton known as the ‘King of fiber’ and called as the ‘White Gold’ is
the most vital crop of commerce to many countries including Egypt and
India (Reddy, 2006).Cotton not only produces the natural fibers used in textiles and
clothing, but also yields a high grade vegetable oil, multiple cellulosic
byproducts, and whole seeds used as a primary source of fiber and
protein in animal rations.
Cotton is considered as being fairly tolerant to salinity (Ali, et al,
2005).Cotton is known to be relatively salt tolerant and is one of the crops
suitable for the irrigation with saline water (Vulkan-Levy, et al.,
1998).Although agricultural aspects of cotton are well known, little
information exists on physiological and biochemical characteristics of
cotton with particular reference to photosynthesis and stress
metabolism, which control productivity and survival (Desingh and
Kanagaraj, 2007).No one knows exactly how old cotton is. Scientists searching caves in
Mexico found bits of cotton bolls and pieces of cotton cloth that proved
to be at least 7,000 years old. They also found that the cotton itself was
much like that grown in America today In the Indus River Valley in
Pakistan, cotton was being grown, spun and woven into cloth 3,000
years BC. At about the same time, natives of Egypt’s Nile valley were
making and wearing cotton clothing Arab merchants brought cotton
cloth to Europe about 800 A.D. When Columbus discovered America
in1492 ،the found cotton growing in the Bahama Islands. By 1500,
cotton was known generally throughout the world.