الفهرس 
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Abstract
T2DM is the most common form of diabetes, constituting 90 % of the estimated 382 million diabetes cases worldwide in 2013. It’s becoming a serious global health problem, especially in countries of low and middle income, where the prevalence is increasing the most, and where the age of debut is relatively low. The WHO estimates that diabetes will be the 7th most common cause of death by 2030. Development of T2DM requires two major elements: insulin resistance, leading to ineffective insulin action, and β-cell dysfunction, leading to inappropriate insulin secretion. Insulin resistance and progressive pancreatic β-cell failure are key factors in the development of T2DM. Measures designed to reduce the inflammatory process could be of benefit in reducing the risk of diabetes.
The aim of the present study was to: Investigate the possible value of NLR as a new simple reliable marker of systemic inflammation in predicting the degree of insulin resistance and β cell dysfunction in T2DM.
A case-control study design was carried out on seventy diabetic patient attended the outpatient clinic of the diabetes and metabolism unit in AMUH and thirty apparent healthy subjects with matched age, sex and socioeconomic status as a control group. Data was collected through:
• A pre designed structured interview questionnaire was used to collect the data required from the included subjects.
• Anthropometric measures.
• Laboratory investigations.
The SPSS 20.0 statistical package was used for data entry and analysis.
The finding of this study was as follows:
- Age of diabetic cases included in the study ranged between 47 and 79 years with mean age of 59.60 ± 7.82 years while age of subjects in the control group ranged between 40 and 80 years with mean age of 61.63 ± 11.59 years with no statistical significance seen between the two groups. Among cases, the mean duration of DM was 7.51 ± 4.66 ranged between (1 and 20 years).
- Significant statistical differences were seen among both groups as regard different anthropometric parameters.
- Significant differences were seen between the two groups regarding both systolic and diastolic blood pressure.
- FBS ranged between 90 and 397 mg/dl among cases and 69 and 112 mg/dl subjects in the control group with significant difference between the two groups.
- HbA1c ranged between 6.7 and 10 % among cases and 2 and 6 % among subjects in the control group with significant difference between the two groups.