الفهرس 
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Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of death in the world and results in substantial disability and loss of productivity.
The preoperative visit by the anesthesiologist is aimed at formulation of an anesthetic plan based on the patient’s surgical illness, scheduled operation, and concomitant medical problems. The anesthesiologist is responsible for informing the patient of the conduct of the planned anesthetic management and associated risks and obtaining consent for the anesthesia and related procedures.
An accurate preoperative assessment of patients undergoing OPCAB surgery requires careful history taking and thorough physical examination. Anesthesiologists should investigate the presence of risk factors associated with increased perioperative morbidity and mortality.
Intra operative, the specific positioning of the heart during OPCAB can produce hemodynamic instability which anesthesiologists are required to deal with. The key to hemodynamic management is good communication between the surgeon and the anesthesiologist. The choice of anesthetic technique may also influence the outcome of the patient.
Planning for postoperative management of a cardiac surgery patient begins preoperatively. This has become increasingly important in an era of fast tracking and cost-saving initiatives. Developing strategies to maximize postoperative resources poses an ever-increasing challenge.
OPCAB provides a favorable or at least equivalent postoperative outcome compared to on-pump CABG, with minimal contraindications. OPCAB will significantly reduce the risk of CPB-related complications. These benefits of OPCAB are more significant in high-risk patients, and there is a possibility to expand the indication of CAB, OPCAB contributes to shortening the length of stay and promotes an early recovery.