الفهرس 
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Abstract
The conclusion can be drawn in the following points:
Biodiesel was produced from jatropha oil by two-steps,estrification using sulphuric acid as catalyst followed by transestrification process using potassium hydroxide as a catalyst.
The pre-estrification process could reduce the acid value from4.65 to 1 mg KOH/g oil in one hour at temperature 65C0. The conversion of free fatty acids was about 94.9%.
Transesterification was carried out using KOH as a catalyst at concentrations 1 % with the oil / methanol molar ratio of 1: 6 at reaction temperature 60 0C.
Jatropha oil has a high viscosity (29.4 cSt) at 40 0C. The viscosity of produced biodiesel was 4.71 cSt.
The produced Biodiesel has a higher cetane number (58.9) compared to petro-diesel (57.0) the higher cetane number indicates the higher engine performance.
The produced biodiesel in this work is denser than petro-diesel despite of having lower final boiling point (350 0C) compared with that petro-diesel fuel (3840C) . This is due to that biodiesel has a narrower boiling interval than petrol diesel.
The density, kinematic viscosity, total acid number and flash point of the blends increase with rising of biodiesel concentration in the mixture. They are suitable for the standards and slightly higher than those of petro-diesel fuels.
The flash point of the biodiesel B20 was 166 0C which is higher than that of petro-diesel fuel (82 0C).This indicates that such biodiesel fuel can be stored and handled safety.