الفهرس 
AbstractOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Over the last few decades, the quality of education in many educational.institutions has declined leading to unacceptable low academic show, high level of useful illiteracy, developing population of unemployable graduates.Learning.never was confined to classrooms. The changing socio technical context offers a promise of new opportunities and the sense that some how things may bedifferent. Usage of the Internet and other emerging technologies is spreading in frequency, time and space. Persons and organizations wish to use technology to support learning seek theories to frame their understanding and their innovations .This thesis considers the affordances of social networking theories and tools to build new and effective e-learning practices. We argue that “connectivism” (social networking applied to learning and knowledge contexts)= can lead to a reconceptualization of learning in which formal ,informal learning and non-formal can be integrated as to build a potentially lifelong learning activities to be experienced in ”personal learning environment” .In order to provide a guide in the design, development and improvement both of own learning environments and in the related learning activities weprovide a knowledge flow model called Open Social Learning Network (OSLN)—a hybrid of the Learning Management System(LMS) and the personal learning environment (PLE)—is proposed as an alternative learning technology environment with the potential to leverage the affordances of the Web to improve learning dramatically and highlighting the stages of learning and the related enabling settings. The derived model is useful in a possible scenario of II formal learning in order to show how the learning process can be designed according to the presented theory.