الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The thesis consists of main three chapters :introduction, experimental and results & discussion. The thesis also arabic and english summaries. The first chapter is about the introduction .It gives general ideas about solution chemistry, solvents, solvation, selective solvation , solvation free energy ,co-ordination and solvation number, solubility in mixed solvents.Also it talks about conductivity, factors affecting on conductivity and its applications. Also it includes the importance of used materials and hydrazone compounds. Then it described the properties of nano particles and its preparation and applications of nanomaterials and characterization of nano-structure techniques which are transmission electron microscopy (TEM), the atomic force microscope (AFM).Infra red spectroscopy (IR) and X-ray crystallography. At the end of introduction there is the literature survey which includes many studies on thermodynamic models, hydrazide complexes of nano and bulk M(II) ions and conductometric studies on hydrazone complexes during the last ten years. The second chapter is about the experimental .It includes the materials and solvents used ,preparation of nano salts ,preparation of solutions ,preparation and structure of ligands conductivity measurements and computer programs used to calculate data and draw the figures. The third chapter is the results and discussion. It consists of four parts : part one is the thermodynamic parameters for bulk and nano calcium acetate salt Ca (OAc)2 and its association and thermodynamics of complex formation parameters with L1 then with L2 in mixed acetone-water (AC-H2O),Dimetheylformamide-water (DMF-H2O),and ethanol-water (EtOH- H2O) at 1± (293,298,303and 308K). Part two is the evaluation of thermodynamic parameters for bulk and nano copper acetate salt Cu (OAc)2 and its association and complex formation parameters with L1 then with L2 in mixed acetone-water (AC-H2O), Dimetheylformamide-water (DMF-H2O),and ethanol-water (EtOH- H2O) at 1± (293,298,303 and 308K). Part three is about the evaluation of thermodynamic parameters for bulk and nano zinc acetate salt Zn(OAc)2 , its thermodynamics of association and complex formation parameters with L1 then with L2 in mixed acetone-water (AC-H2O), Dimetheylformamide-water (DMF-H2O),and ethanol-water (EtOH- H2O) at 1± (293,298,303and 308K). Part four is the comparative study between the three salts including studying the effect of ligands ,solvent and crystal size on the association and complex formation thermodynamic parameters at the four different temperatures. The conclusion gives the comments on the results obtained in the comparative study part. This thesis gives a lot of data which can help in evaluating thermodynamic properties of these electrolytes in different mixed solvents and their applications in environmental, industrial and pharmaceutical fields.