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Abstract The ancient Egyptians believed that the body and soul were important to human existence, in life and in death. Their funerary practices, such as mummification and burial in tombs, were designed to assist the deceased to find their way in the afterworld. Most ancient Egyptian tombs were cut in the limestone rocks and thus visiting or working inside these tombs constitutes health hazards due to their bad ventilation and the elevated levels of natural radiations. The present study consists of seven chapters organized as follows: Chapter (1): Introduction This chapter presents a general background and the importance of the present study and also includes the scope and objectives of the research program. The chapter further presents a review of the available literature on the radon concentration measurements and techniques, also it represents motivation and need of the current research in light of the previous work done on this topic. Chapter (2): Theoretical Aspects This chapter introduces a brief discussion on radon gas properties and related parameters. In addition to the important definitions in the field of radon. Mathematical and scientific equations needed for calculations are also illustrated. Chapter (3): Features of Studied Regions This chapter describes in general the geological and geographical features of the studied regions (Saqqara and Luxor cities). Also an account on the geometrical dimension of the studied tombs, the maps and also the isometric draws are existed. Chapter (4): Experimental Work This chapter represents the experimental program through describing its phases, the formwork, the experimental setup, and the equipment used for radioactivity, radon and thoron measurements. Chapter (5): Results and Discussion This chapter is concerned with the experimental results and its discussions where the results of active measurements are discussed in details for field measurements, which include the determination of radon concentrations and the effective dose rate. Also, it includes the laboratory measurements which contain the analysis of radioactive material of the studied tomb’s samples and the calculation of the hazard indices. Conclusions of the research and the suggestions for future studies are also illustrated. Chapter (6): Theoretical Modelling This chapter presents a theoretical analytical modeling of indoor radon concentration inside the ancient Egyptian tombs in Luxor region. This analytical model was done using the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model for the calculation of the ventilation rate with a new correlation. Moreover, it includes a case study for the relation of the wind speed at the tomb entrance and the tomb radon concentration. |