الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 32 |  |  |
| | | from | 32 | | |
Abstract
Three newly Gemini cationic surfactant was prepared and the chemical
structures were confirmed using FTIR and 1HNMR spectroscopic methods.
The synthetic routes passed through two steps, the first one is the formation
of the amide and the second one is the quaternization of the prepared amide
with dibromo propane. The surface and thermodynamic parameters were
determined from surface tension and conductivity measurements. The
obtained critical micelle concentrations from both techniques are similar.
The values of CMC were found to depend on both solution temperature and
hydrophobic character. The change in free energy of micellization and
adsorption showed a tendency of synthesized Gemini surfactants to adsorb
at the interface first then forming micelle in the bulk. The prepared Gemini
surfactants act as good antibiotic against some tested bacteria and fungi.