الفهرس 
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Abstract
Laser gain predicted for sodium-like (Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, and Zn) by a steady-state collisional radiative model is presented. Relativistic calculations are performed in order to obtain accurate multiconfiguration intermediate–coupling (IC) wave functions for the excited states of the sodium-like (Mn14, Fe15+, Co16+, Ni17+,Cu18+. And Zn19+ ions) using COWAN codes (Cowan, 1981). Each wavefunction consists of radial and angular functions. The radial wave functions have been generated using the Hartree-Fock relativistic (HFR) method. The relativistic corrections included in the equations are derived from the Pauli-approximation to the Dirac-Hartree-Fock equations. The angular parts of the wavefunctions are calculated from IC results using Racah method. The obtained wavefunctions are used to calculate the fine-structure energies of the excited levels, the oscillator strengths and the allowed transition probabilities E1,The present gain calculations are based on a collisional radiative model of the sodium-like ions, including 21 fine-structure levels arising from the 1s2 2s2 2p6 nl, configurations (l = s, p, d, f and g orbital) (n= 3, 4, 5) for Mn XV, Fe XVI, Co XVII, Ni XVIII, Cu XIX and Zn XX. Collisional excitation rate coefficients are calculated using effective collision strengths which are generated from literature. Moreover, the possibility of laser emission from the excited states of the plasma ions in the sodium-like ions (Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu and Zn) have been studied, these may provide new laser lines, which can be extended to XUV and X-ray spectral regions. The inversion factors as well as the gain coefficients for all transitions between fine-structure levels which have positive population inversion were calculated. The study shows that laser emission in both the XUV and X-ray spectral regions can occur in the sodium-like ions (Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu and Zn).