الفهرس 
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Abstract
This thesis presents in the first part an optimization model based on a Modified PSO (MPSO) technique to design hybrid renewable energy resources in Microgrid (MG). The optimal configuration of necessary equipment required for MG to supply energy demand at the lowest possible cost is determined. The proposed optimization model is used for different applications in Egypt based on some environmental, operational, and economical constraints. The second part of the thesis concerning with optimal operation and energy management of Microgrids. A day-ahead optimal generation scheduling for a MG under both operational modes is studied. A proposed real-time approach is applied to design an optimal dispatcher for a microgrid system.
Finally, a practical implementation of a laboratory scale MG is developed for experimental research and educational purposes in order to test the MG operational modes proposed in this thesis. A monitoring system based on LabVIEW™ is developed and implemented to measure instantaneously the available power generated from the MG sources which can be fed to the load or transferred to the main grid.
Thesis objectives:
•Propose an optimization procedure to determine the optimal size of MG components that satisfies a predetermined demand at minimum cost.
•Perform an economic analysis to compute the feasibility study of the MG systems in different operational modes.
•Propose an optimization model for Energy Management System (EMS) to plan an optimal generation schedule for a MG
•Develop a practical laboratory scale MG to test the MG operational modes developed in this thesis.