الفهرس 
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Abstract
The aim of this thesis is to discuss the social problems in selected novels by Kamala Markandaya. She pays much attention to the complicated illnesses of the Indian society. The British occupation affected the Indians, and Kamala Markandaya described the results of long years of colonialism and the East-West clash. Markanadaya, the famous Indian novelist, handled the issues of poverty in Nectar in a Sieve (1955), A Silence of Desire (1960) and A Handful of Rice (1966). In these novels, she concentrates on the effect of social problems on Indian people and her vivid discussions show her literary ability to visualize the suffering of Indians in the rural and urban areas. She sheds more light on Women’s struggle and their painful attempts to keep their families alive and live in dignity. The thesis consists of three chapters, an introduction and conclusion. The introduction gives a picture of the suffering of the Indians under the occupation. In Chapter One, Markandaya presents the miseries brought by poverty and unemployment to the Indian community. They are vividly shown in the novels Nectar in a Sieve and A Handful of Rice. Chapter Two reflects the conflict between religion and science and its effect on the Indians. Chapter Three tackles the effect of the social customs on the lives of Indian women. This effect is shown in Nectar in a Sieve, A Silence of Desire and A Handful of Rice.