الفهرس 
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Abstract
Bisphenol A is one of the environmental contaminants widely used in the manufacture of polycarbonate plastic (e.g, water bottles, baby bottles), epoxy resins( e.g, inside coating in metallic food cans),dental materials and haemodialysis equipments . The extensive use of BPA containing products results in a high human exposure worldwide which may be through diet by leaching into food and drink containers. Exposure may also occur through dermal contact with thermal papers used widely in cash register receipts.
The liver is the major organ for the metabolism and detoxification of xenobiotics, including BPA . Therefore, the liver could be largely exposed to BPA and could be susceptible to lower doses, than other organs.
This study was performed to evaluate the extent to which bisphenol A can affect the structure of liver tissue.
The present study was carried out on 45 adult male albino rats, weighing from 190 to 200 gm . The animals were divided into three groups 15 animals for each. Group Ι were served as untreated control group. Group Π were served as the vehicle control group and treated with intraperitoneal corn oil which used as a diluent for the BPA solutions in a dose of 2.5 ml/day for each animal five days a week for three weeks .Group ΠΙ were received BPA dissolved in an equal amount of corn oil given in a dose of 1.2 mg / kg b.w/day intraperitonial five days a week for three weeks.
By the end of the experiment, the animals were sacrificed after being anaesthetized by ether. the liver were excised and liver samples were taken and processed for histological and histochemical studies.
Our results revealed that:
1- Exposure to BPA showed prominent histological changes. These changes were in the form of distortion of hepatic architecture , ballooning of some hepatocytes with vacuolated cytoplasm, dilatation and congestion of the blood sinusoids, congestion in portal vessels , mononuclear inflammatory cellular infiltration in portal area, von kuffer cells hyperplasia.
2- BPA caused an apparent decrease in the number of glycogen granules, an apparent increase in the amount of collagen fibers around the central veins and portal tracts and collagen fibers deposition in perisinusoidal areas.
3- Immunostaining for α-SMA showed an apparent increase in the number of α-SMA positive cells in the portal areas but few cells around the central veins .
In conclusion
The results of this study add our attention to BPA toxicity even at low doses that induced histological changes in hepatocytes, which may be mediated by generation of reactive oxygen species and stress. This induced cellular degeneration resulting in liver injury and liver fibrosis.
Recommendations
• Don’t microwave polycarbonate plastic food containers.
• Plastic containers have recycle codes on the bottom. Some, but not all, plastics that are marked with recycle codes 3 or 7 may be made with BPA so avoid the use of these types.
• Reduce your use of canned foods.
• When possible, use glass, porcelain or stainless steel containers, particularly for hot food or liquids.
• Use baby bottles that are BPA free.