الفهرس 
Abstract and Aim of workOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii is emerging threat in Egyptian hospitals, which is mainly associated with difficult to be treated respiratory tract infections due to wide range of resistance associated with the recovered isolates resulted from in appropriate use of commercially available antibiotics. β-lactam resistance significantly mediated by heterogeneous group of chromosomally and plasmid mediated β-lactamases. Detection of blaoxa-51 like, blaADC-like alone couldn’t confirm resistance and presence of IS that precede both genes was immediate to switch on expression of both genes. A blaoxa-23like gene played an important role in carbapenem resistance when compared by blaIMP-like and blaVIM-like gene, so early detection of such gene would be crucial if we want to preserve and use effectively the few remaining antibiotic treatment options that are available for this rapidly evolving multi-drug resistant pathogen.