الفهرس 
4Medical and pharmacological properties of ginger
Materials and MethodsOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
This study aimed at obtain genetic variations in ginger through applications of different techniques of biotechnology and biochemistry, i.e., tissue culture, inducing mutations by gamma-ray and evaluation of these products using molecular markers and finally quantitative assessment of 6-gingerol using HPLCin ginger plant.
The obtained results revealed that, an efficient in vitropropagation method was developed using fresh rhizomes sprouting buds. Callus was induced from buds of ginger on MS medium supplemented with 0.5mg/l 2.4-D + 0.5mg/l BAP. Callus cultured on MS medium supplemented with 1mg/l IBA+ 1mg/l TIBA resulted in highest rate of regeneration. In vitro plantlets were transplanted in the green house for hardening and their survival was 100%.
Ten RAPD primers were used to detect the genetic variation among four regenerated plants.Each primer produced a unique set of amplification products ranging in size from 292 bp to 1801 bp. The number of bands for each primer varied from 15 to 18. These 10 primers yielded 162 bands. Of the 162 fragments scored, 122 were monomorphic and 40 were polymorphic (24.70%). The highest polymorphism% (35.29%) was obtained with primers OPA07 and OPA18, while the lowest polymorphism% (17.65%) was obtained by primer OPD04.
Ginger rhizomes were exposed to gamma rays with different doses: 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 Gy. Assessment of M2 generation plants showed significant differences of shoot length, roots length and number of leaves/plants. RAPD-PCR analysis of the M2generationusingfive primers yielded 58 bands; 15 were monomorphic and 43 were polymorphic (74.14%). The highest polymorphism% (100%) was obtained with primers OPD16, while the lowest polymorphism% (33.33%) was obtained with primer OPD15.
Quantitative determination of 6-gingerol using HPLC method revealed the improvement of the production of 6-gingerol in the irradiated plants.The highest value was obtained at 20 Gywhich produced 38.40 mg/g (1.73 fold of the control value).