الفهرس | Only 14 pages are availabe for public view |
Abstract Cancer treatment is one of the main challenges that face the scientific centers all over the world. The cancer incidence percentage increases year after year. The most used treatment for cancer is chemotherapy which is an application of systemic cytotoxic drug inside the patient. There are two main problems in chemotherapy that the cytotoxic (anti -cancer) drug is given systematically and cannot be localized in the tumor region (non-specificity) in most cases that lead to destroy the cancer cells as well as normal cells; and that cause the chemotherapy side effects like anemia, decrease in all blood cells count and platelets, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, hair and nails loss and may cause a kind of blood toxicity. The adverse side effects from conventional therapies and the resulting patient discomfort have encouraged researchers to explore site-specific therapies with the aid of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) .Since the idea of site-specific therapy is to restrict treatment to the cancer site, thereby minimizing side effects and patient discomfort, magnetic fluid hyperthermia (MFH) are an attractive option because it based on the localized heating of tumors. In the present work, magnetic fluid hyperthermia involves dispersing magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4) throughout the tissue culture cell line (HeLa cells) and then exposed to ultrasound energy to cause the particles to heat by magnetic hysteresis losses or Néel relaxation. Iron oxide nanoparticles were prepared by co-precipitation method where aqueous Fe 2+ /Fe 3+ salt solutions of molar ratio 1/2 and by the addition of a base(NaOH) under inert atmosphere (N2) at 80 º C temperature . In the present study, the prepared iron oxide nanoparticles were characterized and investigated in terms of morphology by scanning and transmission electron microscope, X-ray Diffraction (XRD) pattern in order to evaluate crystalline state and studying the magnetic properties of the magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles. Our results show that, the diameters of iron oxide nanoparticles samples prepared were sharp distributed size of 10 nm. SEM micrograph of the iron oxide nanoparticles showed that the shape was completely spherical; the particle diameters for iron oxide nanoparticles were in the range of (7-10) nm. Also, crystallinity studied for iron oxide nanoparticles using X-rays diffraction pattern revealed that spectra were characteristic for iron oxide. In the present work, hyperthermia treatment of cancer cells (HeLa cells) using ultrasound waves in the presence of iron oxide nanoparticles was investigated. The experimental results showed that: Hyperthermia generated by ultrasound waves produce mild cytotoxicity effect on HeLa cells. Magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles have more significant cytotoxicity effect on HeLa cells especially in higher concentrations (200 & 400µg/ml). The combination of hyperthermia produced by ultrasound waves with the SPIONs causes a significant increase in the cytotoxicity effect on HeLa cells. The ultrastructural changes reflected inertial ultrastructural destruction to nuclear and cell organelles of HeLa cells. |