الفهرس 
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Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) is a metabolic disorder that is characterized by high blood glucose due to insulin resistance and/ or relative insulin deficiency.
The aim of this work is to highlight the potential protective effect of vildagliptin, and probiotic on cardiac dysfunction in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.
Diabetes mellitus was induced in male albino rats by intraperitoneal injection of a single dose of streptozotocin (40 mg/kg). Rats were divided into five groups; one non diabetic control group, and four diabetic groups (diabetic, vildagliptin treated, probiotic treated, and combined vildagliptin + probiotic treated groups).
Vildagliptin (50 mg/kg), and probiotic (50 mg /kg) were administered orally daily for 6 weeks to study their effects on serum glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, insulin, reduced glutathione, malondialdehyde levels. Glucagon like peptide-1 gene expression in cardiac tissue, cardiac contractility, electrocardiogram (heart rate, PR interval, QRS interval, QTc interval were estimated), and histopathological analysis of cardiac tissue were also performed.
The present study revealed that STZ induced diabetes led to significant increase in serum glucose level, and HbA1c by 156%, 154% respectively. STZ caused significant decrease in serum insulin level by 75%. MDA increased significantly in STZ induced diabetic rats by 830%, and GSH decreased significantly by 63%.