الفهرس 
LITERATURE REVIEWOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Construction projects are considered to have the biggest share in the economic activity in the
country. However, these construction projects are considered one of the most dynamic, risky, and
challenging fields. One type of the most important constructor projects that play a vital role in
the economic development is underground and tunneling projects. The main benefit of these projects
is that it utilizes the subsurface space to accommodate activities. There are many construction
companies working in this field in Egypt. They are exposed to face many problems during the
execution of such projects due to their negligence to the risks which might face them during
project estimation or project execution and also due to their associated side effects. Risks may
cause cost overrun and schedule delay in many construction projects. Also, risks may affect
productivity, performance, quality and budget of a construction project. High levels of risks are
considered to be a significant possible obstacle for project success and safety.
The main objective of this research study is to identify the most significant risk factors related
to tunnel construction projects in Egypt by performing a qualitative risk assessment for such
factors and identifying the risk response methods and strategies during the project life cycle. It
introduces an important parameter which must be taken into consideration during risk assessment
phase. That parameter is probability of occurrence and degree of impact of risk factors.The second
objective is to develop expert system in a computer software application, which could help
contractors in their preparation of effective risk management process for projects. It was
developed by using the Weka Programme.
A field survey was conducted through a structure questionnaire to selected experts from the
companies working in that field in Egypt .The field survey was conducted with 35 experts in field
of tunnel projects in Egypt .―SPSS‖ program was used to analyze the data to present statistical
measures. Importance index and average risk were calculated to rank the risk factors for each
class. And it was found that the top critical risk factors are as follows: