الفهرس 
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Abstract
This study aimed to Phenotypic and genotypic identification of certain fungi contaminated edible eggs at Alexandria governorate. Two hundred eggs samples were collected from different Market at Alexandria governorate, swab from the surface of shell, shell membrane and yolk. These samples were subjected to mycological culture then confirmed by traditional fungal confirmatory procedures and multiplex PCR (m-PCR). (from 100 non fertile eggs sample) Asperigllus niger in shell (6%), shell membrane (1%) and yolk (1%). Asperigllus fumigatus in shell (10%), shell membrane (1%) and yolk (1%). Asperigllus flavus in shell (1%), shell membrane (1%) and yolk (1%). Rhodotorula in shell (6%), shell membrane (1%), yolk (1%). Candida albicans in shell (2%), shell membrane (1%) and yolk (1%).
(from 100 fertile eggs sample) found that Asperigllus fumigatus in shell (5%), shell membrane (2%) and yolk (1%). Mucor in shell (13%), shell membrane (1%) and yolk (1%). Rhodotorula in shell (4%), shell membrane (1%) and yolk (1%). PCR by using aflatoxine synthetic gene succeeded to show that isolated Asperillus flavus not toxic producer strain. Amplification of ITS region confirmed the identification of Candida albicans .Amplification of D1/ D2 region confirmed isolated Rhodotorulla mucilaginosa (Rubra).Techniques based on the use of PCR for typing of Asperigllus Flavus have been demonstrated to be faster and easible for presence or absence of aflatoxine production. Howevere, Asperigllus fumigatus was identified mainly by it is macroscopic and microscopic feature. Also, germ tube test and chlamydospore formation by Candida albicans were the most conventional and cheapest method for it is identification.
This study showed that eggs sold in Alexandria city market are generally in a good quality, however because of the presence of minimal pathogenic yeasts and moulds in some samples. Contamination occurred due to handling by retailers, storage and environmental conditions. Most of the organisms isolated are pathogenic to human consumers are at a high risk of infection. The pathogenic moulds found their way to penetrate and contaminate eggs. Concerning Asperigllus niger contamination of eggs, draw attention, and need more studies and researches concerning it is mechanical role in diarrhea especially in infants.