الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
I
ncreasing resistance among Gram negative bacteria to antibiotics has compromised the utility of these antibacterials. Since β-lactam antibiotics penetrate the outer membrane of many Gram negative bacteria through porins, antibiotic resistance can be caused by porin loss or deficiency. This study aimed to investigate the effect of aqueous extract of citrus fruits on the outer membrane proteins (porins) of some selected multidrug resistant strains to increase the microbial susceptibility toward the tested antibiotics by increasing the permeability of bacterial membrane and allow antibiotics to access the bacterial targets.
The present study included 120 clinical samples and specimens were collected from laboratories of different public and private hospitals, Cairo, Egypt. Out of them 92 cases (76.67%) positive for microbial infection represented by different sex and age, and 28 cases (23.33%) were negative for microbial growth. These samples were classified into body fluids samples which included 50 urine (41.67%), 17 blood (14.16%), 4 from the ascitic fluid (3.33%), 2 from the prostatic secretions (1.67 %), 2 nasal secretions (1.67%) and one Conjuctiva swab (0.83%).Gastrointestinal specimens comprised 20 stool cases (16.67%), 9 sputum cases (7.5 %). The wound (pus) swabs were 7 cases (5.83%), the aspirate tube samples were 6 cases (5%) and finally samples from central line were 2 cases (1.67%).