الفهرس 
AIM OF THE PRESENT WORKOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Anaesthetic drugs are nowadays used on a large scale in surgical operations as well as in other
various medical purposes.
Of these drugs, ketalar (ketamine) has been gaining a wide profile of application, especially in
children for the management ofpediatric surgery, beside its utilization to patients suffering from
severe pains after surgery.
It is true that this drug has contributed positively to such prospects, but it is also equally true
that it has been frequently incriminated for many adverse consequences evoked in the body as a
result of its application.
These facts have stimulated several researches to deal with the impacts of this drug on several
body organs. But nonetheless, one of the essential body organs, namely the testis has not
apparently received equal attention in such aspects.
Thus, the present work was designed aiming at assessing and evaluation of any possible cytotoxic
alteration in the mammalian testis under the effect of this drug. To complete the picture, the
chromosomes were also planned to be taken into consideration in this investigation.
The experimental animal selected for these experiments is the white mouse (Mus musculus).
In general, the main points of this study is thereafter outlined:
• External (Morphological) symptoms which could appear on the drug- treated mice.
• Histology of the control testis (for the sake of comparison).
• Histopathological changes of the testis examined post treatment with this
anaesthetic.
• Cytogenetical follow up of the chromosomes of bone- marrow cells, comprising two main aspects:
+ Normal karyotypes of the chromosomes of both male and
female mice.
+ chromosomal aberrations evoked in both males and females after ketalar administration.
In these experiments, the applied dose for mouse was determined by the amount of dosage which was
found to induce distinct symptoms of anaesthesia, recording (40 mg ketalarlkg b. wt.) per mouse.
This dose was given either singly or in a double fashion (80 mg ketalar/kg b. wt.) to reveal the
magnitude of toxic effects of such high dosing.
Both doses were diluted with normal saline solution (0.9% NaCI), being injected intramuscularly in
the experimented mice every other day.
Either doses were left to act for 15, 30 and 45 days before their sacrifice.
These experiments were have used 140 male and female adult albino Swiss mice; 70 males were
assigned for the histological studies, whilst 35 males and 35 females were the target of the
cytogenetical studies.
For the histological purposes, mice were allocated into seven groups, ten mice each. The first one
served as a control groups, the second, third and fourth groups were injected with (40 mg
ketalar/kg b. wt.) for 15, 30 and 45 days respectively. The remaining three groups were given the
high dosage of (80 mglkg b. wt.) ofketalar in the same manner.