الفهرس 
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Abstract
The thesis is divided into six chapters, and two appendices as listed below:
Chapter 1
This chapter is an introduction to the thesis that clari es the motivation, and objective behind this work. It also highlights the contribution of the work, and the organization of this thesis.
Chapter 2
The chapter contains all the required background information about energy har-vesting. It starts with the de nition of the energy harvesting concept, then focuses on mechanical energy harvesting. A literature survey about energy harvesting from vibrations is presented in this chapter. The most commonly used structures and types of strain are also explained in this chapter.
Chapter 3
A proposed model is derived in this chapter for the case of energy harvesting from stretching strain using clamped-clamped beam structure. Mechanical and electri-cal domains are explained, where two nonlinear di erential equations that describe each domain are presented. The electro-mechanical coupling is also clari ed in this chapter.
Chapter 4
Model veri cation is done in this chapter using 3D FEM simulations. First, piezo-electric materials are compared, then PVDF is selected for model veri cation, and testing. Simulation results are then compared with model results.
Chapter 5
This chapter summarizes all the PVDF prototype testing setup, testing procedure, and testing results. All the used equipment are reported in this chapter.
Chapter 6
This chapter concludes the modeling, simulation, and testing results. It also sum-marizes all the future work need to be considered.
Appendix A
The piezoelectricity phenomena is explained in this appendix, where the piezo-electric constitutive equations, and transformations are listed. Examples of piezo-electric materials are also listed along with PVDF material properties used for simulations.
Appendix B
The time domain Simulink model, and the Matlab code used to evaluate the model are documented in this appendix.