الفهرس 
AcknowledgmentOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Ventilator - associated pneumonia has been a problem m patients undergoing artificial ventilation of the lungs, and it IS a common and major crisis increasing morbidity, mortality and cost.
Accurate clinical diagnosis remams doubtful. Difficulties in diagnosis of VAP have led to the development of new diagnostic techniques such as bronchoalveolar lavage and the bronchoscopic protected specimen brush.
The development of preventive strategies depend upon an understanding of the pathogenesis of VAP. The pathogenesis begins with upper airway and gastrointestinal colonization, laryngopharyngeal pooling of secretions, then aspiration past the endotracheal tube cuff leading to the overwhelming of compromised lung defenses. The recent development of endotracheal tube prototypes that prevent aspiration are promising but needs further evaluation.