الفهرس 
Chapter 1: Hepatitis B(HBV) and Hepatitis C(HCV) virologyOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
This study is cross sectional and interventional study which was conducted at in Shebin El-Kom Public Prison (Menoufia governorate).
The participants in the study were divided into 2 groups:group 1: Three hundred and twenty- four (324) prisoners were included in the study to assess the prevalence and risk factors of HBV and HCV infections as well as to assess their knowledge, attitude and practice towards viral hepatitis B and C. They were categorized into 246 males and 78 females out of 750 eligible inmates captured in the prison. Group2: Sixty-Eight (68) prison administrative staff members out of 80 employed in the prison were included in the study to assess their knowledge, attitude and practice towards viral hepatitis B and C. This study was divided into 2 sections:1- Epidemiology of HBV and HCV infections among the selected prisoners.All selected prisoners were subjected to a predesigned questionnaire including socio-demographic data, pre-imprisonment risk factors and intra-prison risk factors. Blood samples were collected from the studied prisoners who had never investigated before for HBV and or HCV infections and examined for Anti-HBc and Anti-HCV. However the results of previously intra-prison investigated prisoners for HBV and or HCV were included in their health records.This section of the study revealed the following findings:Sero-prevalence of HBV among studied group was 8.02%, HCV was 16.4% and for both HBV and HCV infection was 1.9%. Univariate analyses of HBV and HCV sero-prevalence showed that there was a significant association between HBV infected prisoners and history of pre- imprisonment blood transfusion, history of previous imprisonment and imprisonment duration ≥10 years with OR (4.93, 4.57, 4.31; respectively). Also, there was a significant association between HCV infected prisoners and age ( ≥ 40 years), martial- status, history of pre-imprisonment, tattooing, history of previous imprisonment, imprisonment duration ≥10 years and history of intra-prison dentist visiting or surgery with OR (5.76, 4.67, 2.33, 3.13, 8.67, 5.27, 4.96; respectively) (P <0.05). 2- Pre and post- test to assess knowledge, attitude and practice of included personnel in the study.
It was aimed to provide information on HBV and HCV related knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) among the selected prison administrative staff members and prisoners in order to guide the planning process for, and implementation of intervention that draws on communication strategies to achieve behavior change among the studied groups. This section of the study was carried out in 3 phases, the pre intervention phase where data were collected through a pre designed questionnaire which included socio demographic and socio-economic data; e.g. age, sex, residence, marital state, family income, size, education level, job and socio-economic standard, also in addition to questions to assess knowledge, attitude and practice of the studied group toward HBV and HCV. Phase of intervention (implementation of a health education program) where the participants attended intensive theoretical sessions regarding HBV and HCV and granting leaflets and hand-notes including information about these viruses. The post intervention phase was carried out using the same pre- test questionnaire to asses knowledge, attitude and practice towards HBV and HCV after application of health education program. These results revealed that there were improvements in knowledge of the participants as regards HBV and HCV (mode of transmission, clinical picture, preventive and control measures) after application of the health education program, as the total satisfactory knowledge score of prison administrative staff members and prisoners changed from 38.2%, 1.9% % to 98.5% , 67.3%; respectively (P <0.001). Also, the attitude was improved after application of health education program, as total attitude score of prison administrative staff members (evaluated after 6 months) and prisoners (immediately evaluated) changed from 70.6%, 16% to 100%, 79%; respectively (P<0.001). At the same time, practice of the selected prison administrative staff members as regarding HBV and HCV was improved after application of the health education program, as the total practice score of prison administrative staff members changed from 64.7% to 94.1 %( P<0.001) .However practice of the prisoners could not be assessed after educational intervention. There was a highly significant positive correlation between pre-intervention knowledge and attitude for prisoners and prison administrative staff members (P<0.001), between pre-intervention knowledge and practice (P<0.001), and between pre-intervention attitude and practice (P< 0.001).