الفهرس 
Carbohydrates contentOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 145 |  |  |
| | | from | 145 | | |
Abstract
The present study was designed to investigate the chemical composition of moringa seeds studying the fatty acids, amino acids and ethanol extract of seeds composition , also studying the physical and chemical properties of moringa olifera (M.O) seed oil and evaluation of the effects of (M.O) seed oil and ethanolic extract on the lipid profile of rats fed on hyperlipidemic diet . Also the effects of (M.O) seed oil and ethanolic extract on liver and kidney functions were studied. The study of antimicrobial effect of (M.O) seed oil and extract were also considered. The results obtained through this work can be summarized in the following points:
1 - Chemical composition of moringa seeds: the moisture content was (1.518 % ), protein ( 29.4 % ) , total carbohydrate ( 28.558 %), total crude lipid (33.29 %), crude fiber (6.5 % ) and total ash (2.252 %).- Physical and chemical properties of moringa oil : the refractive index was (1.471), specific gravity (0.903) , acid value (0.58 ) , peroxide value (2.37), saponification number ( 160.32) and Iodine value ( 65.27) .
3 - Fatty acids composition: Moringa seeds oil contained 79.01% unsaturated fatty acids and 21.73 % saturated fatty acid . The major unsaturated fatty was oleic acid (C18:1 n-9), which accounted for (66.12 %). Mean while the most abundant saturated fatty acid was palimitic acid (C16) 6.61%.
4 - Amino acids composition: 17 amino acids were detected where glutamic recorded 6.08% as non essential amino acids while leucine recorded 2.11% as essential amino acids and arginine as semi essential amino acids recorded 2.08%.
5- Moringa seeds ethanolic extract chemical composition: Palmitic acid - ethyl ester was found in large amounts which constituted 31.47%, m-cresol,4,6-di-tert-butyl- and Cis 9-Hexadecenoic acid were constituted 20% and 19% respectively. 6- In vivo study of M.O seed oil and ethanolic seed extract of Moringa seeds on hyperlipidemic rats:
a- treatment with moringa oil and ethanol extract decreased all lipid profiles significantly ( triglyceride – total cholesterol – LDL-cholesterol – risk ratio and atherogenic index) and significantly increase HDL- cholesterol and moringa oil gave more effect than moringa ethanol extract.b- Treatment with moringa seed oil and ethanol seed extract decreased significantly , AST , ALT and ALP as compared with hyperlipidemic group and moringa oil gave more effect than moringa ethanol extract.
c- - treatment with moringa oil and ethanol extract were non-significant difference (P< 0.05) between hyperlipidemic group and group treated with moringa oil and moringa extract for creatinine. While, there was significant difference between hyperlipidemic group and group treated with moringa oil and moringa extract for urea nitrogen which reduced the urea nitrogen level significantly and moringa oil gave more effect than moringa ethanol extract.
7- Antimicrobial activity of (M.O) seed oil and seed ethanolic extract:
the ethanolic extract showed antimicrobial properties on the gram negative bacteria such as ( salmonella typhi, Kelebseilla sp., Proutus sp. E.coli,shigella and Pseudomonas sp., gram positive bacteria such as (staph. Coagulase negative, sacharomyses, Bacillus sp., streptomyces and streptococcus group B). While Moringa seed oil shows antimicrobial properties on the gram negative bacteria such as Pseudomonas sp., shigella , Proutus , gram positive bacteria such as sacharomyses and candida Sp.