الفهرس 
Introduction
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Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a chronic, progressive neurodegenerative disorder afflicting millions of people especially in the growing aging population. Individuals with PD often experience a progressive decline in motor function typified by cardinal features such as resting tremors, muscle rigidity, bradykinesia, and postural instability. In addition to the classic motor symptoms, non-motor symptoms of PD such as apathy, incontinence, and orthostatic hypotension can have a significant effect on the individual’s ability to perform daily activities and can impact their ability to live independently.
Currently there is no cure for PD, nor have treatments been shown to slow the progression of the disease. In order to alter the downward decline in the functional performance, there is a need to employ additional strategies such as restorative care interventions. Exercise is an important ingredient of restorative care activities which are beneficial for those suffering from Parkinson’s disease, in order to improve balance, range of motion and muscular power to improve functional capacity.
Therefore, this study aimed to compare the effect of three types of restorative nursing interventions on the health-related functional status of geriatric patients with Parkinson’s disease.
Materials and Method
I- Research design: the study was a quasi-experimental design.
II- Setting:-The study was carried out in three settings namely, the neuropsychiatric outpatient clinics of the Health Insurance Hospital (Gamal Abdel Naser), and the neuropsychiatric outpatient clinic of El-Hadara Orthopedic and Traumatology University Hospital in Alexandria, as well as, the residence (own homes) of all the study subjects in the community of Alexandria.
III- Subjects: The study subjects comprised 30 geriatric patients diagnosed with idiopathic Parkinson’s disease, and divided into three equal groups
group I received the muscle stretching exercises (flexibility exercises)
group II received the strengthening exercises (resistance exercises)
group II received both flexibility and resistance exercises.
IV- Tools: Data was collected using the following tools:-
Tool I: Health profile of geriatric patients with Parkinson’s disease structured interview schedule, it was used to collect information about sociodemographic characteristics of the study subjects and their medical health history.
Tool II: Mini –Mental State Examination (MMSE), it was used to exclude patients with severe degree of cognitive impairment..
Tool III: Hoehn and Yahr Staging Scale, it was used to provide an overall assessment of the severity of the Parkinson’s disease based on clinical features and functional disability.
Tool IV: Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), it was used specifically for assessment of depression for the institutionalized and community dwelling elders.
Tool V: Timed Chair Rise Test, it is an objective functional measurement test to record timed attempts of the PD patients to rise from the chair.
Tool VI: Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS), It is most widely used to assess Parkinson’s disease related disability and impairments and functional status.
Tool VII: Sickness-Impact Profile (SIP-68), it was used to assess disease-impact behavior changes, and to detect treatment efficacy.