الفهرس 
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Abstract
In Egypt, buffalo breeders and farmers have been facing many challenges and problems caused by infertility. The limitation to genetic improvement imposed by inherent biological parameters can overcome with the use of recently developed reproductive bio-techniques.
Identification of genetic markers that associate with reproductive performance and fertility seems essential mainly for the breeding practice; therefore, genetic improvement of reproductive performance of these animals is of economic importance.
The objectives of the present study
1.Identification of polymorphisms in the candidate gene BMP15 associated with some reproductive problems as repeat breeder in Egyptian water buffaloes by direct sequencing and single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP).
2.Calculation of gene and genotype frequencies of these polymorphisms.
3.Single marker – single trait analysis for association of these polymorphisms with repeat breeder in Egyptian buffalo. This was achieved using statistical software.
To achieve these objectives, the following methodology was used
This study was funded by Science Technology Development Fund (STDF), Ministry of Scientific Research; all experiments were conducted in the Biotechnology Lab, Department of.