الفهرس 
Introduction
The Dimension of Colorectal Cancer ProblemOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Summary
Nausea and vomiting are the most distressing and debilitating adverse effects of chemotherapy. It can cause a significant negative impact on patients’ daily lives. So severe or protracted nausea and vomiting can lead to serious consequences, which can be life-threatening (Cohen et al., (2017).
The aim of this study was to assess the consequences of chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting on functional living of colorectal cancer patients.
To accomplish this aim; data were collected from a convenience sample (48 patients) within six months period, their age was ranged from 18-65 years old, stage (II) and (III) colorectal cancer, and receiving chemotherapy.
The following tools were utilized for data collection;
Tool (I): Patient assessment questionnaire
This tool was developed by researcher based on literature review to assess patient condition; it consist of four parts:
Part 1: Socio demographic data: this part included patients’ socio demographic characteristics as name, age, sex, residence, educational level, marital and economic status.
Part 2: Medical data: It included structured items such as past and present heath histories. Which consisted of stages of disease, time of colorectal surgery, type and site of stoma, types and number of chemotherapy cycles. Also it included types and grading of nausea and vomiting before and after chemotherapy.
Part 3: Physical examination and diagnostic investigations: It was developed to assess physical examination and diagnostic investigations of studied patients that included nutritional assessment, lab investigation, physical and psychological side effects of chemotherapy.
Part four: Consequences of chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting: It was developed to assess consequences experienced by studied patients due to CINV, also activities. That they unable to do due to CINV and actions taken.
Tool (II): Functional Living Index for Emesis (FLIE) Questionnaire:
This questionnaire was adopted to assess the impact of chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting on patients’ functional daily living. It consisted of two domains. Each of them consisted of nine questions. nine items concerning vomiting and nine items concerning nausea. Responses for each item are marked on a 100-mm visual analog scale (VAS) graduated from 1 (the worst condition) to 7 (the best condition) points. Each domain score ranges from 9 (maximum impact) to 63 (no impact), it was conducted twice, before chemotherapy administration (FLIE- 1) and on day six after chemotherapy (FLIE-2).
The main findings of the present study were:
• Regarding to patients’ socio-demographic data; the mean age of studied patients was (47.12±14.21), more than half of studied patients (64.9%) was male, from urban area, employed and married (52.1%, 56.3% and 66.7% respectively).
• According to educational and economic status, less than half of patients (47.9%) had secondary education and more than half of them (66.7%) with limited monthly outcome.
• According to patients’ surgical history; two third of studied patients (64.6%) had performed colorectal surgery without stoma bag since one year and more than half of patients didn’t receive chemotherapy prior to colorectal surgery (66.7% and 64.5% respectively).
• Also, more than half of studied patients (52.1%) had diagnosed in stage (III) of the tumor and received chemotherapy for advanced cancer per two weeks (56.3% and 56.2% respectively). Majority of patients (77.1%) were not-first receivers for chemotherapy. Most of patients (85.4%) stayed in the hospital for a period from 1to 2 days.
• According to nausea and vomiting grading and types, there were obvious increasing in rate of nausea and vomiting especially grade (II) for studied patients after chemotherapy than before and a few number of patients (16.7%) suffered from acute, sub-acute and break through nausea and vomiting after chemotherapy.
• According to patients’ nutrition assessment, one third of studied patients preferred pureed and soft foods before chemotherapy (33.3% and 31.3% respectively), while half of patients (50.0%) preferred Liquids after chemotherapy.
• Also, there was highly statistical significant differences between studied patients before and after chemotherapy according to their BMI and skin turgor tests. In addition to a significant deteriorations of complete blood counts and blood Chemistries investigations among studied patients after chemotherapy than before.
• According to chemotherapy side effects, there were no statistical significant changes among studied patients regarding physical & psychological side effects either before or after chemotherapy.
• According to chemotherapy consequences, there were majority of studied patients (72.9%) had suffered from anorexia, anxiety and psychotic disorder before chemotherapy. On the other hand, there were about third of studied patients (31.3%) had experienced malnutrition, anorexia, electrolyte imbalance and delayed treatment after they had received chemotherapy.
• Also, there was no statistical significant increase in number of patients who unable to do daily activities after chemotherapy associated with a statistical significant increasing in costs due to the actions that those patients taken it after receiving chemotherapy.
• There was no statistical significant changes between functional daily living of studied patients before and after chemotherapy, in which there was a maximum impact on nearly all studied patients’ functional daily living as measured by FLIE. either before or after chemotherapy due to CINV.