الفهرس 
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Abstract
The present study was conducted at Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, to evaluate the efficacy of certain safe control methods against some insect pests of stored products. The tested control methods were: Atmospheric gases such as CO2 and N2 separately or in mixtures with the oxygen under two different degrees of temperature conditions, pressurized atmospheric gases, some plant extracts and the effect of grain moisture content on the efficiency of some control agents were evaluated against the developmental stages and adults of one or more species of stored product insects. The tested insect species were: the cowpea beetle, Callosobruchus maculatus F., the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum, the rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae (L.) and the granary weevil, Sitophilus granarius (L). Fate of C. maculatus infestation in cowpea seeds stored under the effect of some control methods was estimated. The obtained results could be summarized as follows: It was noticed generally from the results that mortality percentages of the different insect stages as influenced by the tested inert gases increased at the higher temperature than at the lower one. Adult stage was the most sensitive to the gases than the other stages at both tested degrees of temperature. N2 was less toxic than CO2 against the tested insects at two degrees of temperature. T. Castaneum was less sensitive to N2 than C. maculatus, mixtures of CO2 was more effective than that of nitrogen. Time of exposure was an important factor from the mortality point of view, the mortality percentages increased as the exposure period to gas mixtures increased at both temperatures. Some biological aspects of the individuals descended from eggs, larvae, pupae and adults of C. maculatus that survived exposure to CO2 or N2 gases for 18 hours at 30°C were studied. The results showed also that pressurized CO2 was the most effective than the other two tested gases whatever the conditions of temperatures. Mortality of insects increased gradually as the level of gases pressure increased. Adults stage was the most susceptible recording the highest average of mortality. The essential oil of O. vulgare was the most effective against both insect species (C. maculatus, S. granarius) than the other five oils. Mortality of insects was generally increased as the grain moisture content decreased at any exposure period for both tested agents.