الفهرس 
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Abstract
The spleen is the largest organ or component of the lympho -reticular system. Its primary functions include hematopoiesis and immune protection. It acts as a filter for abnormally shaped blood cells and some metabolic products. Also, it has the ability to store blood and contract in response to acute changes in blood volume in trauma and it becomes the focus of surgical attention in a variety of circumstances.
The spleen is located in the left upper quadrant of the abdomen bounded by the diaphragm posterolaterally, the stomach anteromedially, the left kidney and left adrenal gland posteromedially, the phrenicocolic ligament below, and the chest wall laterally. The tail of the pancreas in most cases is related to the splenic hilum.
The normal adult spleen measures 13cm on its long axis and up to 250 g on its weight.
Indications for splenectomy include hemolytic anaemias, purpuras, secondary hypersplenism, splenic cysts, benign tumors, operative staging of Hodgkin lymphoma, splenic artery aneurysm, splenic vein thrombosis and other rare indications.
Splenectomy could be done as an open approach or laparoscopic approach. For many years, open approach remained the traditional one especially in traumatic rupture spleen and hematological disorders with huge splenomegaly. Laparoscopic splenectomy had shown the advantages of minimally invasive surgery include (decreased postoperative pain, short hospital stay, reduced recovery time).
Recent studies revealed the lower complication rate after laparoscopic splenectomy versus open splenectomy include (pulmonary complications, wound infection, systemic infectious complications were decreased)
This study included 20 patients in whom splenectomy was indicated as a line of treatment of their pathological disorders with their age more than 16y .in this study we had excluded patients with contraindications for laparoscopy, with splenic abscess and congestive splenomegaly.
All of the patients were operated under general anaesthesia after preoperative investigations, preparations and appropriate criteria including drug intake and bleeding disorders.
Our patients were operated upon by using:
Lateral approach with patient in supine position with 45º angulation to the right side.
Using the harmonic scalpel, ligasure and endoGIA stapler increase the feasibility of laparoscopic splenectomy as a line of treatment in patients with some haematological disorders.
In spite of relative more operative time of laparoscopic splenectomy, yet the main advantages of laparoscopic splenectomy are less intra operative bleeding, less hospitalization and hence early return to work and employment as compared to open splenectomy.