الفهرس 
PHYSIOLOGICAL CONSIDERATIONS
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Abstract
Delayed emergence after anesthesia is still a
challenging problem facing anesthesiologists because of
multiple factors can cause the delay either in patients,
drugs used, technique used (which is the art of
anesthesia).
Causes can be divided into common and
uncommon causes.
Common causes subdivided into pharmacological
due agents used residuals either over dosage or not
eliminated due to patient factor (hepatic or renal disease);
or metabolic which include electrolytes imbalance,
hypo\hyperglycemia, hypothyroidism; or respiratory due
to previous disease or acute lung injury; or neurological
due to prolonged hypoxia or undiagnosed congenital
anomalies or events such as hemorrhage, embolism and
thrombosis.
Uncommon causes include: Drug interaction,
Serotonin syndrome, Emergence delirium, Central
anticholinergic syndrome, Psychiatric disorders,
Perioperative cardiac complications, Drug abuse,
Unintentional mistakes, Regional anesthesia
complication and Perioperative intracranial hemorrhage
as a surgical complication.
Whatever the cause management primarily must
focus on securing the airway, ensure adequate breathing
and stabling the hemodynamics.
Then proper investigation to reach to the cause,
with considering rare causes and unexpected erroneous
usage of drugs, should take second place.