الفهرس 
Gastroesophageal reflux diseaseOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) is the retrograde movement of gastric contents (acid and enzymes such as pepsin) into the laryngopharynx leading to symptoms referable to the larynx or hypopharynx.
Ambulatory 24-hour double probe pH monitoring is the most widely used tool for the diagnosis. However, pH monitoring has some disadvantages, such as being an invasive, expensive and difficult to apply method. Therefore, more specific, non-invasive and cost effective diagnostic methods are needed for the diagnosis of LPR .
Pepsin is the main factor in tissue damage in LPR and it can cause mucosal damage, even in non-acidic reflux episodes. So, pepsin can be a good alternative as a diagnostic method, specially in patients with non-acidic reflux. The detection of pepsin in saliva or sputum by immunoserology is a rapid, easy to perform and cost effective method.