الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Although several registries collecting data of patients with kidney diseases exist, there are only a few registries which specifically collect data relating to renal biopsy.
The spectrum of diseases found on percutaneous renal biopsies varies greatly depending on multiple factors such as age, gender, race, geographical location, and the nature of biopsy indications. Moreover, there is evidence of change in many parts of the world in the spectrum of renal diseases during the recent past. It is therefore imperative to accurately document the spectrum of renal diseases prevalent in a particular area over a particular period of time.
Many countries now have their own databases about renal biopsy and the epidemiology of specific glomerular diseases in these countries like the Italian renal biopsy registry database (IRBRD) and the Japanese renal biopsy registry database (J-RBRD) and others.
Renal biopsy is an integral part of the nephrologists’ diagnostic armamentarium. Usually it is performed by radiologists or nephrologists under ultrasonographic guidance, other techniques includes CT guided, Transjugular and laproscopic approach. Usually it is done in prone position or SALP in obese patients, post kidney care includes observation of the patient for 6-8 hours and recording his vital signs, the specimen is processed to light microscopy with special stains e.g. H&E stain, Immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy per indication.
Our study included 861 patients during January 2012 to December 2015 in Alexandria area. Of the total number, 740 specimens were adequate for processing to light microscopy, only 18.3% where processed to IHC and only 2.3% to EM, this was mainly due to lack of financial resources and the unavailability of EM except in 2 centers in our city.
The mean age of renal biopsy was 25 years with slight male predominance, the higher relative frequency of SGN in females may be explained by the fact that systemic lupus erythematosus was the most common SGN and it occurs more frequently in women.
The main indication for renal biopsy was nephrotic syndrome followed by AKI; primary GN was more common than secondary GN.
DKD constituted 43 cases 5 % of the total RBs done, classical features of DN were found in 28 cases 65.1 %, other non diabetic renal diseases were also found in the 15 cases 34.9%.
Lupus nephritis was the most common cause of secondary GN and constituted 124 of the total RBs done and, L.N class IV+V represented the most common histopathological pattern, followed by pure classsIV.
It is rather difficult to report definitive epidemiological data on the frequency of the various forms of GN for several reasons. First, the renal biopsy indication policy varies from centre to centre. Secondly, renal biopsy is often not performed when the likelihood of a therapeutic consequence is low (e.g. steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome in children, intermittent haematuria without proteinuria, bilateral small kidneys, post-infectious GN). For this reason, the true incidence of MCD, PEGN and IgAN will be under-represented. Thirdly, insufficient tissue did not always allow complete evaluation, i.e. by immunohistochemistry, so that a correct histological diagnosis could not be established (e.g. IgAN).