الفهرس 
Definition, Epidemiology and Etiology of ObesityOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 107 |  |  |
| | | from | 107 | | |
Abstract
Obesity is a medical condition in which excess body fat has accumulated to that extent that it may have a negative effect on health leading to reduced life expectancy and increased health problems. Obesity is becoming increasingly prevalent in developed countries and anesthesiologists will face larger numbers of obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery. The prevalence of obesity doubled in America between 1976-1980 and 1999-2000 increasing from 15.1 percent to 30.9 percent. Obesity is the result of genetic, behavioral, environmental, physiological, social, and cultural factors that result in energy imbalance and promote excessive fat deposition.
The dramatic rise in the incidence of obesity in many countries appears to be due to the complex interaction of a variety of factors including genetic, physiologic, environmental, psychological, social, economic and political. Given the numerous and significant deleterious health consequences associated with obesity, there is the urgent need for the development of highly effective interventions that aim to reverse these obesogenic drivers, including government policies as well as health education and promotion programs.
The aim of bariatric surgery is to reduce the volume of the gastric cavity resulting in the development of satiety after the ingestion of a small volume of food. The strategy to this early satiety involves creating a small gastric pouch together with a limited gastric outlet. This is the goal of the restrictive type of bariatric surgery. The alternative is to perform malabsorptive procedures, which not only limits the size of the stomach by creating a small gastric pouch, but also involves shortening the length of the gut, thereby reducing the amount of food absorbed.
The anesthesia team will dictate postoperative patient admission to intensive care unit to avoid postoperative complications. A multimodal approach to postoperative pain provides adequate pain control with few side effects and no serious complications. Obese patients are liable to postoperative complications such as pulmonary complications, DVT and surgical leaks.