الفهرس 
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Abstract
Compare phenotypically (urease activity) and genotypically (Capsule gene) between pigeon ,chicken droppings isolates of Cr. neoformans and dust collected from their house. This associate the:
1-Isolation and identification of Cr. neoformans strains from pigeon, chicken droppings and Soil samples.
Out of 510 samples, was isolated 3 of 250 samples of pigeon droppings in percent of 1.2% , 1 of 170 samples of chicken excreta in percent of 0.6% and 1 isolates from 90 soil samples in percent of 1.1% .
All Cryptococcus neoformans isolates were subjected to the different biochemical tests, i.e. urease test , sugar assimilation (dextrose, maltose, sucrose and inositol). All isolates showed the same pattern of reaction as the standard Cryptococcus neoformans strain, namely urease positive, sugar assimilate positive
2-differentition between isolates according to virulence factor Rapid urease hydrolysis Cr .neoformans isolated from pigeon droping highly active in urea hydrolysis as it give completely hydrolysis after 90 min followed by Cr .neoformans isolated from chicken droppings as it give completely hydrolysis after 5 hours while Cr .neoformans from soil were weak for urea hydrolysis.
3-The application of PCR on Cryptococcus neoformans isolated from pigeon, chicken dropping and soil by using specific primers for isolation and amplification of capsular genes such as; CAP 10, CAP 60 then make comparison between the result of PCR of all isolates. All PCR products of all isolates gave the same size and pattern.