الفهرس 
القطاع النفطييوجد فقط 14 صفحة متاحة للعرض العام
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المستخلص
Abstract
This thesis included preface, five chapters and conclusion. The
preface explored the Economic Conditions in Iraq before 1972.
This section studied the economic conditions that represented by the
agriculture and its significant role in Iraq as well as the industry and
its role in the economical, commercial and the petroleum
developments before Nationalization.
The First chapter entitled The Oil Sector, which examined the
significant features of the Iraqi oil; its reservoir, production, the most
important fields and oil lines in Iraq. This section also dealt with the
petroleum policy of the Iraqi Government and the oil Nationalization
decision. Accordingly, this section also focused on the Arabic
attitudes, journalism and the international reactions of the foreign
major oil companies toward this decision. In addition, this section
explained the production of the natural gas in Iraq and its reservoir
as well as its lines of transport and export.
Consequently, the second chapter entitled The Industrial
Sector, which dealt with the importance of the industrial sector, the
ingredients and factors of development the Iraqi industry. This
chapter also studied the procedures of the economic development in
public and private industrial sectors, the industrial bank and its
finance for the small and huge industrial projects. Similarly, in this
chapter the researcher traced the manufacturing industry and the
difficulties that faced this sector.
Continually, this chapter studied the importance of the
extractive industries like the extraction of oil and its role in economy
and the difficulties that faced the industry of oil refinement in Iraq,
the significant projects that were done by the Iraqi government.
The Third chapter The Agricultural Sector exhibited the
importance of the agricultural sector, its policies and the agricultural
procedures like the Agricultural Reform Law No. 117 and its
principles and impact on the agricultural situation. This chapter also
traced the developments in the agricultural sector and the role of the
agricultural banks in this development through the granted loans for
farmers and the Iraqi animal and agricultural production size. In
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Abstract
addition, the chapter showed the most prominent agricultural
regulations used by the Iraqi government and the role of those
regulations in the development and improvement of the agricultural
production as well as overcame the difficulties and problems that
could face the agricultural sector.
The Fourth chapter entitled The Commercial Sector, dealt
with the significance of foreign trade, its characteristics and features
as well as the developments that took place in this sector. The
chapter also studied the commodity structure of the Iraqi imports and
the major Iraqi goods as well as the exported states for those goods.
In addition, this chapter mentioned the most prominent goods that
exported by Iraq and the imported states for those goods as well as
the development in the internal trade, the Iraqi Balance of Trade and
the difficulties and problems of exporting.
The Fifth chapter The Effects of Iran-Iraq War on the Iraqi
Economy focused on the Iraqi economy before war and the damages
that accompany the Iraqi petroleum institutions. In this chapter, the
researcher examined the financial damages that resulted from the oil
breakdown and the debts that economy of Iraq suffered from
because of war. Accordingly, in this chapter the researcher discussed
the effects of war on the agricultural sector and the transformative
industry. Finally, this chapter affirmed how the government moved
toward the private sector to reduce the effects of war after the fiscal
deficit of Iraq during that period.
The conclusion came to affirm the results and facts that the
researcher found after this study:
The political leadership of Iraq recognized the importance of
this wealth (Oil) after the Revolution of 17th July 1968 and that any
development for the economy must come through the control on the
national wealth of the country as well as to liberated these wealth
from foreign control. In addition, the most prominent goals of this
policy was to release the petroleum wealth which was the first step
to unify the internal political front and continue the direct petroleum
investment as well as get benefit from the external circumstances
like the rising in prices by OPEC and other petroleum
Nationalizations in Libya and Algeria.
The historical decision of the Iraqi Nationalization was one of
the prominent goals of the revolution which is the control on this
national wealth. This decision also put an end to huge squandering
for the associated petroleum gas through the process of burning that
done by the foreign companies where a huge portion of this gas
approximate 85% from the extracting quantities. In addition, a new
period of the direct national investment started and discovered new
oil fields that helped to increase the national production and
reservoir which by return assisted the Iraqi government with many
financial returns that could invest it in developing the Iraqi economy
through the developing of the industrial, commercial and agricultural
sectors. Similarly, the government used those returns also to develop
those sectors and achieved a notable position among other petroleum
countries. For this reason the period of the seventies is regarded to
be the golden age for Iraq because of the great developments in theParadoxically, the Iran-Iraq war had a great effect on the Iraqi
economy where it drained all the financial returns and destroyed
most of the significant financial resources which were the oil
installation. This war also led to pause in the Iraqi exports which
cost Iraq after the end of the war about 452,6 Billion Dollar. The war
also executed all the efforts of development in the different sectors
like industry, agriculture and oil as well as the stoppage of the
development projects and the industrial installation that destroyed by war.