الفهرس 
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Abstract
Antimicrobial Activity of Commiphora Myrrha Oleogum Resin Extracts against Some Vaginal Pathogens-
Study in Vitro
The antimicrobial effectiveness of Commiphora Myrrha (Myrrh) plant chosen on
notion including antimicrobial potency, widespread dispersal as well as some commercial
judges were bioassay. The tested aforementioned medicinal plants were selected according
to previous results confirming the presence of active anti-microbial principals therein.
Eighty six tested micro organisms, thirty eight Candida species (spp.) (Candida
albicans, Candida glabrata, Candida parapsilosis, Candida Utilis, and Aspergillus Niger)
twenty one Gram positive bacteria ( Staphylococcus aureus, MRSA, Enterococcus faecalis,
Streptococcus agalactiae, and Streptococcus pyogenes) and nighnteen Gram negative
bacteria (Neisseria gonorrhea, Neisseria lactamica, Gardnerella vaginalis, Lactobacilli,
Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumonia) Also eight ATCC strains
(Staphylococcus aureus-25923, Streptococcus agalactiae-12386, Streptococcus pyogenes-
19615, Pseudomonas aeruginosa-27853, Escherichia coli-25922, Klebsiella pneumonia-
13883, Candida albicans 10231, Lactobacilli brevis 8287D) were used to detect
antimicrobial potency.
Commiphora Myrrha (Myrrh) oleo-gum was successively extracted using Soxhlet,
The extracts obtained is clarified after 72 hours by filtration, then evaporator and
concentrated under vacuum at 40 °C. Then kept in screw cap bottles at 5 °C. Dry sterilized Whatman standard paper discs were impregnated with different concentrations of the sterilized extracts and left to dry. Finally, the extracts and the impregnated filter papers were ready to use.
Different types of extracts were used for screening of antimicrobial potency; As
regards n- Hexane Extract it shows the best antimicrobial effect among the other extracts,
against Gram positive microorganisms, especially Staphylococcus aureus, MRSA, and
group B Streptococcus (Streptococcus agalactiae).while it shows a good effect on
Gardnerella vaginalis and a weak effect on Neisseria species(spp) , whereas on Klebsiella
pneumonia the effect was very poor and showed no effect against the other
microorganisms ( Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Lactobacillus spp).but the
greatest effect of n-Hexane extract was showed against Candida glabrata, moderate effect
against Candida albicans, and no effect towards Candida Utilis and Candida parapsilosis.
Chloroform Extract showed no effect against both bacteria and Candida species, while the effects of Ethyl acetate extract had affected all tested gram positive bacteria and showed strong effect against gram negative bacteria especially Escherichia coli. It showed a strong antimicrobial effect against Candida albicans, Candida parapsilosis and Candida Utilis. Also, it showed a highest antimicrobial effect against Candida glabrata compared with the other extracts assayed.
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Summary and conclusion
Dichloromethane Extract: showed the better effect against Streptococcus spp than Staphylococcus species, while revealing weak effect against Pseudomonas aeruginosa compared by the other bacteria tested as well as Candida albicans by mean of 7.46, and a moderate antifungal effect against the others fungal strains tested. Acetone Extract: all the tested gram positive bacteria were revealed sensitivity. While it showed the strongest antibacterial effect against gram negative bacteria specially Neisseria species and revealed a good antifungal effect against Candida species assayed.
Ethanol Extract: revealed antibacterial effect against the tested bacteria, except Streptococcus group B (Streptococcus agalactiae) which was resistant towards it, and showed the best antibacterial effect against Gardnerella vaginalis, Lactobacilli species, and Neisseria species compared with the other myrrh extracts, and revealed a good effect towards the remaining bacteria. But showed resistance effect against Candida parapsilosis whereas, the other Candida species showed poor response. Water Extract did not show any antimicrobial effect against all microorganisms under study.
Chromatographically, Bio-autographical and GC/MS studies on some Myrrh crude
extracts
On the basis of results attained in the susceptibility test, all the extracts revealed antimicrobial effects were chosen for further investigations. Thin layer chromatography was worn for the recognition of various compounds in the investigated myrrh different crude extracts. For the sake of valid outcomes, bio-autographic pictures of the active ingredients towards vaginal microorganisms were assayed for each Myrrha extract. The active spots against tested microorganisms were studied to predict the chemical structure of the active ingredients prevailing using GC/MS. The numbers of spots were noticed and the retention factor (Rf value) was calculated.
Conclusion
from the previous study, we can say that the Oleo-gum resin of myrrha has a clear impact on all microorganisms studied, which included a gram positive, negative bacteria and also fungi. Have yielded results obtained to have a clear role as antimicrobial Agents (both Antibacterial and Antifungal)All extracts showed antimicrobial effects were developed by Dichloromethane, Ethyl acetate and n-Hexane.TLC and GC/MS illustrating the chemical structures of mainly terpenes group as sesquiterpenes.
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Recommendations
Recommendations
Use other methods to extract active ingredients and compare it with the method used in this research for the best selection of anti microbial influence against bacteria and fungi.