الفهرس 
Cover Page Title in EnglishOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 97 |  |  |
| | | from | 97 | | |
Abstract
In Egypt and other countries allover the world there are a great interest with equine industry which plays an important role in national incomes. Equine herpesviruses -1 disease is an important disease adversely affecting equine industry. So our attention directed to control this disease through vaccination process.
The present study was designated to deal with the inactivated EHV-1 vaccine adjuvanted with two different adjuvants and evaluation and comparison of the immune responses of the horses vaccinated with the prepared vaccine ; so the study comprises the following points :
- Preparation of inactivated EHV-1 with different adjuvants :
- Preparation of vaccine virus fluid :
The virus fluid was prepared from the freeze dried local isolate of EHV-1 which propagated for another three passages on VERO cells.
- Titration of vaccine virus fluid :
Titer of the vaccine virus fluid at passages 5 on VERO cells was 8.5 log 10 TCID50/ml .
- Inactivation of EHV-1 :
EHV-1 was completely inactivated with BEI at concentration of 0.008 M for 24 hours at 37°C. The inactivated virus fluid was proved to be free from residual infective virus by inoculation on CAM of ECE and VERO cells.
- Addition of different adjuvants :
Addition of Montanide ISA 70 with the ratio (70/30 adjuvant/virus fluid W:W)
Addition of Saponin-rehydragel mixture was achieved by mixing of 80% of virus fluid with sterile Saponin (with final concentration of 0.6mg/dose) then the mixture was blended with 20 % Aluminum hydroxide gel.
- Evaluation of the prepared vaccine.
- Sterility test :
The final product was tested for its sterility using different bacterial media and they were free from any bacterial or fungal contamination.
53
- Safety test :
The prepared vaccine proved to be safe by inoculation in susceptible host and in pregnant mice, there was no undesirable local or systemic reactions in vaccinated horses and there was no abortion neither in pregnant mice nor mares.
- Immunogenic potency of inactivated EHV-1 vaccine with two different adjuvants in mice :
The results of inoculated mice revealed a significant increase in the ELISA and CF mean titers in the two mice groups inoculated with the vaccine adjuvanted with the two different adjuvants which confirmed the immunogenic potency of the prepared vaccine, but there was a relatively increase in mean CF and ELISA titer in group (A) inoculated with Montanide adjuvanted vaccine than group (B) which inoculated with Saponin -rehydragel adjuvanted vaccine with a mean CF antibody titers of 32 & 18 in group A and B respectively and mean ELISA antibody titers of 750 & 656.25 in group A and B respectively.
- Immune responses of horses vaccinated with EHV-1 vaccine adjuvanted by two different adjuvants:
Humoral immune response of horses experimentally inoculated with the prepared inactivated EHV-1 vaccine adjuvanted with two different adjuvants was traced for 8 months post vaccination using VN test and ELISA assay.
The results indicated that the mean neutralizing indices and mean ELISA titers increased till reach the peak at two MPV with a mean NI of 3.9 and 3.3 for group A and B respectively and mean ELISA antibody titers of 1675 and 1495 for group A and B respectively.
Cell mediated immune responses was performed by lymphocyte blastogenesis assay and estimated by optical density values. The results showed that the mean lymphocyte blastogenesis started at 5th DPV and increased till reached the peak at 21th DPB with a mean value 0.599 and 0.707 for group A and B respectively. The CTL began to decrease at 30th DPB.
The obtained data clarify that :
• The prepared inactivated EHV-1 adjuvanted by Montanide ISA 70 was the best in inducing antibody immune response.
• The prepared inactivated EHV-1 adjuvanted by Saponin-rehydragel mixture induced moderatly higher cellular immune response.
• Horses must receive two doses with one month interval and revaccinated every 6 months and we prefer Montanide adjuvanted vaccine.