الفهرس 
AcknowledgmentOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
This thesis aims to study the effect of addition of iron and manganese on the structure, physical properties and biological activity of hydroxyapatite, which is used as a biomaterial for bone. It is found that the phosphate structural groups, which represent the main backbone of the hydroxyapatite crystals, were distorted. X-ray diffraction data showed the appearance of different crystalline phases of calcium phosphate containing iron, manganese and both iron and manganese in the prepared samples. The magnetic properties of the samples were also studied and it was observed that there is a magnetic hysteresis behavior in samples containing iron and manganese compared to hydroxyapatite. To study the effect of addition of iron on the biological activity of the prepared samples, chosen samples were immersed in simulated body fluid. The changes were studied via infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction, the surface of the samples was studied using scanning electron microscopy. All the samples were found to have biological activity similar to that of hydroxyapatite.