الفهرس 
Kidney StoneOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) crystals are the most common type of kidney stones. Therefore, better understanding of nucleation, crystal growth and agglomeration of calcium oxalate monohydrate crystals is in urgent need with and without some herbal extracts.
Herbal medicinal remedies are widely used for kidney stones treatment, as are more cost effective, efficient and have less side effects.
The present study aimed to study the effects of an aqueous extract of Ammi Visnaga (Khella) and an aqueous extract of Nigella Sativa (Habbet El-Barakah) on the crystallization of calcium oxalate monohydrate.
The conductivity of COM solutions of different supersaturated ratios with and without aqueous extracts from Ammi Visnaga and Nigella Sativa, individually are measured with crystallization time and the induction times are determined. Also, by applying the equations of homogeneous crystallizations theory, the following crystallization parameters are calculated: surface energy, nucleation rate and free energy change for formation of critical nucleus size of COM crystals at different supersaturation ratios, radius of critical nucleus and number of molecules in the critical nucleus at different supersaturation ratios. COM crystals are characterized using X- ray diffraction analysis, Particle size distribution, Element chemical analysis, Scanning electron microscopy provided with Energy dispersive X-ray analysis.